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विश्व शरणार्थी दिवस
रिफ्यूजी को हम इसलिए याद कर रहे हैं क्योंकि 20 जून को World Refugee Day 2019 है। शरणार्थी, रिफ्यूजी, मुहाजिर चाहे जिस नाम से पुकार लें। लेकिन ये वे लोग हैं जिन्हें किसी न किसी कारणवश अपना देश, अपना घर, अपना सबकुछ छोड़कर दूसरों के रहम-ओ-करम पर जीने के लिए मजबूर होना पड़ता है। किसी न किसी मजबूरीवश अपनी धरती को छोड़कर भागे हुए ये वो अभागे लोग हैं, जिन्हें कोई भी पूरे दिल से स्वीकार नहीं करता।
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants-hindi/20611-2019-06-21-04-16-25
#WorldRefugeeDay #Afghanistan #Refugee #WRD2019 #terrorism

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय पेटेंट आवेदनों पर संगोष्‍ठी
वाणिज्‍य एवं उद्योग मंत्रालय के उद्योग एवं आंतरिक व्‍यापार संवर्धन विभाग (डीपीआईआईटी) के अधीनस्‍थ भारतीय पेटेंट कार्यालय अंतर्राष्‍ट्रीय पेटेंट आवेदनों को दाखिल करने पर एक दिवसीय संगोष्‍ठी आयोजित कर रहा है। यह संगोष्‍ठी विश्‍व बौद्धिक संपदा संगठन (विपो), एसोचैम, भारत सरकार के वाणिज्‍य एवं उद्योग मंत्रालय के आईपीआर संवर्धन एवं प्रबंधन प्रकोष्‍ठ (सीपम) और उत्‍तराखंड सरकार के सहयोग से आयोजित की जा रही है।
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants-hindi/20610-2019-06-21-04-16-13
#InternationalPatentApplications #DPIIT #SEPM #VIPO #ASSOCHAM

EOI for six submarines
The Centre has taken a major step towards building advanced submarines for the Indian Navy. The defence ministry on 29 June 2019 issued an Expression of Interest to shortlist Indian strategic partners for the construction of six conventional submarines under Project 75 India (P-75I) worth about Rs 45,000 crore.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20615-eoi-for-six-submarines
#EOI #P75I #NUH #SPs #India #ExpressionofInterest #navy

Sri Lanka launches its first satellite
Sri Lanka’s first satellite ‘Ravana-1’, designed and developed by two local engineers, was successfully launched into orbit this week from the International Space Station (ISS) along with two other BIRDS 3 satellites from Japan and Nepal. Ravana 1, the cube satellite measuring 11.3 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm, and weighing around 1.05 kg, was launched into orbit.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20614-sri-lanka-launches-its-first-satellite
#SriLanka #satellite #Ravana1 #ISS #BIRDS3 #Japan

India’s first solar cruise vessel
Close on the heels of launching India’s first solar-powered ferry in 2016, Kerala is gearing up for the launch of the country’s premier solar-powered cruise boat by December. The initiative comes from the State Water Transport Department (SWTD), whose solar ferry Aditya in the Vaikom-Thavanakadavu route has proved to be a success.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20613-india-s-first-solar-cruise-vessel
#India #SWTD #IRS #Kerala #solar #Aditya

QS Rankings 2020
Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) emerged the top-ranked private university in India in the Quacquarelli Symonds World University Ranking 2020 released on 19 June 2019. In the 16th edition of the rankings, Manipal figures in the 701-750 band, up from 750-800 last year, among the 1,620 universities considered and 1,000 published universities from 82 countries.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20612-qs-rankings-2020
#QS #Rankings2020 #MAHE #India #WorldUniversityRanking
अमेरिका-ईरान तनाव के बीच Air India का बड़ा फैसला
अमेरिका और ईरान के बीच तनाव लगातार बढ़ता जा रहा है। इसका असर अब दिखना भी शुरू हो गया है। ईरान ने अमेरिका का ड्रोन मार गिराया अब दोनों देशों के बीच तल्खी काफी बढ़ती जा रही है। इस बीच एयर इंडिया ने भी अपने विमानों को ईरान के एयरस्पेस में न भेजने का फैसला किया है। एयर इंडिया के सीएमडी अश्वनी लोहानी ने ईरान के एयरस्पेस से विमानों के न गुजरने पर कहा, 'एयर इंडिया की उड़ानों पर इसका कोई खास प्रभाव नहीं है। हालांकि आने वाले विमानों का रूट फिर से तय करने पर काम किया जा रहा है।'
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants-hindi/20633-air-india
#AirIndia #Iran #CMD #AshwaniLohani #DGCA #NewYork

इस खास कदम से दोगुनी होगी किसानों की आय
अगले तीन साल की अवधि के भीतर किसानों के आय को दोगुना करने के क्रम में कृषि व किसान कल्‍याण मंत्रालय ने ग्रामीण भारत में डिजिटल टेक्‍नोलॉजी का इस्‍तेमाल करने का निर्णय लिया है। डिजिटल टेक्‍नोलॉजी के जरिए भारत के गांवों में कृषि संबंधित गतिविधियों का आधुनिकीकरण कर व्‍यवस्‍थित करने की योजना बनाई गई है।
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants-hindi/20632-2019-06-23-04-29-33
#Agriculture #India #NarendraSinghTomar #RajyaSabha #ICAR

Crackdown on cryptocurrencies
Cryptocurrency firms will be subjected to rules to prevent the abuse of digital coins such as bitcoin for money laundering, a global watchdog said, the first worldwide regulatory attempt to constrain the rapidly growing sector.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20638-crackdown-on-cryptocurrencies
#Crackdown #cryptocurrencies #FATF #FinTech #GlobalDigitalFinance

Pakistan must implement FATF action plan
India on 22 June 2019 emphasised that Pakistan needs to take all necessary steps to fully implement the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) action plan by the October deadline. Pakistan, however, claimed that India was politicising the process for its “narrow” objectives. External Affairs Ministry spokesperson Raveesh Kumar said in a statement that India expects Pakistan to take credible and verifiable steps against terrorism and terrorist finances.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20637-pakistan-must-implement-fatf-action-plan
#FATF #Pakistan #ICRG #India #RaveeshKumar #narrow

New NASA missions to study Sun
NASA will launch two new missions to advance our understanding of the Sun and its dynamic effects on space weather, the US space agency said. One of the selected missions will study how the Sun drives particles and energy into the solar system and a second will study Earth’s response, NASA said.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20636-new-nasa-missions-to-study-sun
#NASA #solar #GPS #TRACERS #Moon #missions #Sun

The Central Asian nodes in BRI
Ahead of the recently concluded summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), Chinese state media provided extensive coverage of Beijing’s recent forays into Central Asia, including into Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. On its website, the state-run Xinhua news agency splashed pictures of the Irkeshtam pass, one of China’s gateways to Kyrgyzstan, a few days before planes ferrying leaders of the eight SCO member countries, apart from observers, flew into Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan’s capital.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20635-the-central-asian-nodes-in-bri
#BRI #Asian #SCO #CPEC #XUAR #EuropeanUnion #Irkeshtampass

ASEAN summit in Bangkok
Southeast Asian leaders opened a two-day summit in Bangkok on 22 June 2019, though it was unclear what progress their 10-country group could make on disputes in the South China Sea and the plight of ethnic Rohingya fleeing Myanmar.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20634-asean-summit-in-bangkok
#ASEAN #Bangkok #COC #Myanmar #10countrygroup #Thailand
India's SRB down
India’s sex ratio at birth (SRB) — the number of female babies born for every 1,000 male babies — fell to an all-time low of 896 in 2015-2017. This would translate into approximately 117 lakh girls missing in the country in a span of three years. Five large states — Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, Maharashtra and Gujarat — with poor sex ratios at birth account for about two thirds of these missing girls.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20926-india-s-srb-down
#SRB #India #Gujarat #sexratio #UP #Rajasthan #approximately

India’s renewable energy
India’s renewable energy capacity has crossed the 80GW-mark, which includes 29.55 GW of solar energy and 36.37 GW wind power, Parliament was informed on 16 July 2019. The government has set an ambitious target of having 175 GW of clean energy capacity by 2022, including 100 GW solar and 60 GW of wind energy.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20925-india-s-renewable-energy
#India #PPAs #SPPD #SECI #ETDA #CTU #INDC #solar

Justice Sikri Appointed As Judge Of SICC
Former Supreme Court judge Justice A K Sikri has been appointed as an International Judge of the Singapore International Commercial Court (SICC). A press release in the official website of the Singapore Prime Minister's office stated that the President of the Republic of Singapore, on the advice of the Prime Minister, has made the appointment of Justice Sikri from August 1. His appointment is until Jan 4, 2021.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20924-justice-sikri-appointed-as-judge-of-sicc
#SICC #AKSikri #CSAT #Singapore #SupremeCourt #HongKong #AlokVerma

Bill to fortify arbitration framework
A bill aimed at improving institutional arbitration in the country was introduced in the Rajya Sabha by Union Law Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad. The Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Bill 2019 seeks to make India a hub of domestic and global arbitration for settling commercial disputes.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/20923-bill-to-fortify-arbitration-framework
#framework #RaviShankarPrasad #Amendment #ACI #LokSabha
Odisha rasagola gets GI tag
A year after West Bengal walked away with geographical indication (GI) tag recognition for rasgulla, the Odisha government reopened the battle for ownership of the delicacy and won the rights over ‘Odisha rasagola’.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21079-odisha-rasagola-gets-gi-tag
#Odisha #GItag #rasagola #OSIC #NiladriBije #WTO #TRIPS #WestBengal

4th cycle of All India Tiger Estimation
On the occasion of International Tiger Day (29 July 2019), Prime Minister Narendra Modi released the results of the fourth cycle of All India Tiger Estimation - 2018 at Lok Kalyan Marg in New Delhi on 29 July 2019. The count of tigers in India has risen to 2967, in 2018, according to this census.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21078-4th-cycle-of-all-india-tiger-estimation
#India #Tiger #NarendraModi #historic #NTCA #MSTrIPES #MEETR

A bill to curb ponzi schemes passed
Parliament on 29 July 2019 unanimously passed the Banning of Unregulated Deposit Schemes Bill, 2019, which seeks to put in place a mechanism by which poor depositors will get back their hard earned money. The Rajya Sabha passed with voice vote the bill which would save gullible investors from ponzi schemes.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21077-a-bill-to-curb-ponzi-schemes-passed
#RajyaSabha #curb #ponzischemes #LokSabha #Ordinance #recommendations

Atomic restrictions imposed by the Iran
Iran produced tonnes before the deal. Any excess enriched uranium was either down blended to the level of natural uranium or shipped out of the country in exchange for natural uranium.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21076-atomic-restrictions-imposed-by-the-iran
#Iran #JCPOA #IAEA #UnitedStates #Atomic #restrictions

Third orbit-raising manoeuvre of Chandrayaan 2
The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) performed the third orbit raising manoeuvre of its Lunar craft Chandrayaan 2 on 29 July 2019 at 3:12 PM. This was done using the onboard propulsion system for a firing duration of 989 seconds.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/index.php/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21075-third-orbit-raising-manoeuvre-of-chandrayaan-2
#Chandrayaan2 #ISRO #Moon #Russia #solar #Vikram #orbit #spacecraft
Green light to IOA for hosting Commonwealth shooting
The government on 4 January 2020 approved "in principle" the Indian Olympic Association's proposal to host the Commonwealth shooting championships and archery events -- which are not part of the 2022 Commonwealth Games roster -- in March 2022.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22567-green-light-to-ioa-for-hosting-commonwealth-shooting.html
#IOA #Commonwealth #Greenlight #NRAI #shooting

Only 7 states manage to address zero hunger goal
India has performed dismally on UN’s Sustainable Development Goals with only seven Indian states successfully addressing “hunger and malnutrition”. The worst performers in the zero hunger goal were Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22566-only-7-states-manage-to-address-zero-hunger-goal.html
#India #NITIAayog #SDG #hunger #malnutrition #ZeroHunger

DRDO gets ready for war of future
The rapidly evolving technology is challenging the traditional norms of technology assessment and forecasting. Today India is emerging as the nation of Startups and the pace of innovation is such that, the modern-day technology needs to be evaluated and it’s future potential ascertained with unimaginable immediacy.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22565-drdo-gets-ready-for-war-of-future.html
#DRDO #War #DYSL #QRNG #NarendraModi

India extends LoC for solar parks in Cuba
India has extended a line of credit of $75 million (over Rs 500 crore) to Cuba for financing solar parks. An agreement signed between Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) and Banco Exterior De Cuba in July last year came into effect from December 12, the RBI said in a statement.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22564-india-extends-loc-for-solar-parks-in-cuba.html
#LoC #solar #Cuba #BEDC #India #ForeignTradePolicy

SC interpreted anti child marriage
The anti-child marriage law does not intend to punish a male aged between 18 and 21 years for marrying a “female adult,” the Supreme Court has held in a recent judgment.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22563-sc-interpreted-anti-child-marriage.html
#SC #childmarriage #ChildNotBride #MMShantanagoudar #femaleadult
SE Asian dither on joining solar alliance
The India-headquartered International Solar Alliance’s (ISA’s) drive to co-opt countries from South-East Asia is facing problems with some countries holding back because of New Delhi’s decision to not join the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) trade deal.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22571-se-asian-dither-on-joining-solar-alliance.html
#SeAsian #solaralliance #RCEP #ISAs #solar #vietnam


DPIIT focus to push India's ranking
The Commerce and Industry Ministry has prepared a blueprint to further improve India's ranking in the World Bank's ease of doing business index with a focus on six parameters, including enforcing contracts and starting a business.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22570-dpiit-focus-to-push-india-s-ranking.html
#DPIIT #WorldBanks #Indiasranking #EoDB #registeringproperty

GoM to vet National Tariff Policy
Home minister Amit Shah will head a group of ministers to discuss the proposed National Tariff Policy that is being awaited as a major reform by the stressed power sector but being opposed by state governments and discoms due to clauses like penalties for load shedding.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22569-gom-to-vet-national-tariff-policy.html
#GoM #NationalTariffPolicy #Amitshah #Tariffpolicy

Russia pushes India’s entry into EAEU
Russia, ahead of Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s visit to India this month, has stated that Russia has pushed for Delhi’s entry into the Eurasian Economic Union or EAEU that will open up opportunities of third country partnerships in Central Asia-Eurasian region.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22568-russia-pushes-india-s-entry-into-eaeu.html
#Russia #EAEU #ForeignMinister #Lavrovs
SC upholds amendments SC/ST Act
The Supreme Court on 10 February 2020 upheld the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act of 2018, which nullified its own controversial March 20, 2018 judgment diluting the stringent provisions of the Dalit protection law.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22827-sc-upholds-amendments-sc-st-act.html
#SC #amendments #SRavindraBhat #ArunMishra #PILs

No plans to give permanent status to FC
The government has no plans to give permanent status to the finance commission (FC), Union Minister Anurag Singh Thakur said on 10 February 2020. Currently, the government appoints finance commission for a fixed term.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22826-no-plans-to-give-permanent-status-to-fc.html
#FC #RBI #Article280 #NKSingh #FinanceCommission

Solar Orbiter blasts off
Europe and NASA's Solar Orbiter rocketed into space on 10 February 2020 night on an unprecedented mission to capture the first pictures of the sun's elusive poles.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22825-solar-orbiter-blasts-off.html
#Solar #Orbiter #NASA #spacecraft #sun #Europe

First time ever Jerusalem-Mumbai Festival
The first ‘Jerusalem-Mumbai Festival’ will be held in the capital of Maharashtra this week to showcase the special links between the two cities and to promote ties between India and Israel.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22824-first-time-ever-jerusalem-mumbai-festival.html
#Jerusalem #MumbaiFestival #AmninderSandhu #Israel

Votes to ban homophobic discrimination
Switzerland voted on 9 February 2020 to ban discrimination based on sexual orientation. The country’s referendum-based direct democracy takes many divisive issues to the populace if enough people demand it.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22823-votes-to-ban-homophobic-discrimination.html
#homophobic #discrimination #Votestoban #Switzerland
FC sets up group on farm exports
The Fifteenth Finance Commission (FC) has set up an eight-member group under ITC chairman Sanjiv Puri to suggest performance incentives for states to encourage farm exports and promote crops that would “enable high import substitution”.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22890-fc-sets-up-group-on-farm-exports.html
#FC #ITC #APEDA #FY19 #RadhaSingh #Article280

India gets Champion of Migratory Species award
India was accorded Champion Plus status by the Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species Wild Animals (CMS), a United Nations body, for its commitment to the small grants programme (SGS) for conservation of migratory species and for keeping its energy projects compliant with the guidelines of Energy Task Force, at the 13th conference of parties (COP13) which began in Gandhinagar on 17 February 2020.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22889-india-gets-champion-of-migratory-species-award.html
#India #MigratorySpecies #SGS #COP13 #GIFT #COP

India becomes 5th largest economy
ndia emerged as the world's fifth largest economy by overtaking the UK and France in 2019, says a report. A US-based think tank World Population Review in its report said that India is developing into an open-market economy from its previous autarkic policies.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22888-india-becomes-5th-largest-economy.html
#India #PPP #WPR #GDP #Japan #France

First ever a solar-powered Aircraft flies successfully
Persistent High Altitude Solar Aircraft (PHASA-35) has the potential to stay to remain airborne for nearly a year and has been designed to work unmanned within the stratosphere, above the weather and conventional air traffic.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22887-first-ever-a-solar-powered-aircraft-flies-successfully.html
#solar #Aircraft #PHASA35 #HALE #DSTL #satellite

Tendulkar wins Laureus Sporting Moment Award
Formula One driver Lewis Hamilton and footballer Lionel Messi were declared joint winners of the prestigious Laureus World Sportsman of the Year Award at a glittering ceremony on 17 February 2020.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/22886-tendulkar-wins-laureus-sporting-moment-award.html
#Tendulkar #LSMA #ICCWorldCup #wins #FLM
Today's Headlines - 19 July 2023
India, US notify WTO of mutual resolution
GS Paper - 2 (International Relations)

India and the US have mutually resolved all six trade disputes pending at the World Trade Organisation (WTO), in line with the commitment made by the two countries during the US visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently. Both countries have informed the WTO's dispute settlement body (DSB) about the resolution of all the pending disputes. The WTO has already issued a communication with regard to one of the disputes related to the imposition of additional customs duties by India on 28 US products.

More about the News

The United States and India are pleased to notify the DSB (dispute settlement body), in accordance with Article 3.6 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes, that the parties have reached a mutually agreed solution to the matter raised in this dispute, according to a communication of the WTO dated 17 July 2023.
The two countries have urged the dispute panel that its report should be confined to a brief description of the case and information that a solution has been reached by the two.
The trade dispute which was resolved pertains to a complaint filed by the US in 2019 against India.
India had imposed additional customs duties on 28 US products including chickpeas, lentils and apples in retaliation to the US increasing duties on certain steel and aluminium products.
Against this resolution, India would remove additional duties on eight US products, including chickpeas, lentils and apples, which were imposed in 2019 in response to America's measure to increase tariffs on certain steel and aluminium products.
During the recent state visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to the US, both countries decided the termination of six WTO (World Trade Organisation) disputes and the removal of these retaliatory tariffs on certain US products.
Flashback

In 2018, the US imposed an import duty of 25 per cent on steel products and 10 per cent on certain aluminium products on grounds of national security. In retaliation, India in June 2019 imposed customs duties on 28 American products.
The US is the largest trading partner of India. In 2022-23, the bilateral goods trade increased to USD 128.8 billion as against USD 119.5 billion in 2021-22. The six disputes include three initiated by India and as many by the US.
These included a complaint by India against the US with regard to the imposition of countervailing duties on certain hot rolled carbon steel flat products from India.
On 9 September 2016, India filed a case against the US pertaining to domestic content requirements and subsidies instituted by the governments of the states of Washington, California, Montana, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Michigan, Delaware and Minnesota, in the energy sector.
Another dispute filed by the US against India was related to domestic content requirements under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission for solar cells and solar modules. In 2018, the US filed a case against India's alleged export subsidy measures.
Similarly on 3 July 2019, the US filed a dispute against New Delhi on imposition of additional duties with respect to certain products originating in the US.

#upsc #news #international #relations #WTO #primeminister #DSB #mutually #solution #termination #india #domestic #jawaharlalnehru #national #solar #mission #measures #newdelhi
Today's Headlines - 07 August 2023
Satellite bus technology transfer to private firm
GS Paper- 3 (Space Technology)

ISRO said it has transferred the IMS-1 Satellite Bus Technology to Alpha Design Technologies Pvt. Ltd in a step towards enhancing private industry participation in the country's space sector. NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO, facilitated the technology transfer through an agreement signed during an event held at the NSIL headquarters 2, the space agency said.

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The technology transfer documents were formally handed over by D Radhakrishnan, Chairman and Managing Director of NSIL to Col. H S Shankar (Retd.), Chairman and Managing Director of ADTL.
ADTL is one of the two private players identified to receive the transfer of this technology through Interest Exploratory Note (IEN) published by NSIL.
This transfer marks the beginning of satellite bus technologies developed by ISRO being transferred to private industries. Further, the PSLV is under productionisation by a consortium of industries.
ISRO has been enabling private players to develop space technologies by facilitating and extending the expertise thus ensuring both out-bound and in-bound approaches.
By transferring the IMS-1 technology to the private sector, ISRO/DoS (Department of Space) aims to bolster India's industrial growth in the space sector and foster technological self-reliance, it further said, adding the development opens up new avenues for private players to contribute to space research and exploration, in line with India's vision to expand its presence in the global space market.

About Satellite bus

The satellite bus, developed by ISRO's U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), is a versatile and efficient small satellite platform designed to facilitate low-cost access to space.
The bus serves as a dedicated vehicle for various payloads, enabling earth imaging, ocean and atmospheric studies, microwave remote sensing, and space science missions while ensuring a quick turnaround time for satellite launches.
The IMS-1 bus, weighing about 100 kg, accommodates a 30kg payload. Solar arrays generate 330W power with a raw bus voltage of 30-42 V, ISRO said, adding it offers a 3-axis stabilised with four reaction wheels with a 1 Newton thruster that provides +/- 0.1 degree pointing accuracy.
It is a forerunner for IMS-2 bus technology, capable of improved features, and IMS-1 bus is utilised in previous ISRO missions like IMS-1, Youthsat and Microsat-2D.

About ADTL

Alpha Design Technologies Pvt. Ltd (ADTL) is an aerospace and defence company, with expertise in engineering, manufacturing, and system integration.
It has been a key player in various projects related to defence, space and homeland security, contributing significantly to India's technological progress in these domains.

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Today's Headlines - 09 August 2023
The legacy of the Voyager mission
GS Paper - 3 (Space Technology)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) lost communication with Earth’s longest-running space probe, Voyager 2, the space agency detected a “heartbeat” signal from the spacecraft. Although too faint for extraction of data, the detected signal confirms that Voyager 2, which is about 19.9 billion kilometres away from Earth, is still operating.

Why were the Voyager spacecraft sent into space?

In 1972, NASA cancelled its plans of exploring the five outer planets (Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) with four highly complex spacecraft — the proposal, estimated to cost $ 1 billion, was scrapped due to budgetary constraints.
Instead, it proposed to send the Voyager probes, initially slated to explore only Jupiter and Saturn. In 1974, however, it was decided that if one spacecraft completes the mission, the other one would be redirected towards Uranus and then Neptune.
Interestingly, the spacecraft were scheduled for a take-off towards the end of the 1970s for a reason.
NASA chose the particular launch window to take advantage of a rare alignment of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune that occurs once every 175 years.
The alignment allowed the spacecraft to harness the gravity of each planet and swing from one to the next using relatively minimal amounts of fuel. NASA first demonstrated the technique with its Mariner 10 mission to Venus and Mercury from 1973 to 1975.
Voyager 2 was launched on 20 August 1977, two weeks before the 5 September Voyager 1 takeoff.
This reversal of order took place as the two spacecraft were put on different trajectories — Voyager 1 was set on a path to reach Jupiter and Saturn, ahead of Voyager 2.

What are the most notable achievements of the Voyager spacecraft?

Fifteen months after its launch, Voyager 1 reached its first target planet, Jupiter, on 5 March 1979, and was soon followed by Voyager 2, which arrived there on 9 July.
The most interesting discoveries made by Voyager 1 included the finding that Io, one of Jupiter’s moons, was geologically active.
After the Saturn expedition, as Voyager 1 headed on a trajectory to escape the solar system, Voyager 2 was redirected towards Uranus — both probes had fulfilled their primary mission goals but scientists kept them operational for further exploration.
Voyager 2 arrived at Uranus in 1986, becoming the first human-made object to fly past the aquamarine planet.
The spacecraft took stunning photographs and confirmed that the main constituents of Uranus are hydrogen and helium.
Then, the probe went to Neptune. Becoming the first human-made object to fly by the planet in 1989, Voyager 2 made some more notable discoveries there.
Apart from finding new moons and rings, it discovered that Neptune is more active than previously thought — winds on the planet blow at the speed of 1,100 kph.
After the Neptune encounter, Voyager 2, like Voyager 1, was put on the path to head out of the solar system. While Voyager 1 officially entered interstellar space in August 2012, Voyager 2 made its entry in November 2018.

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Today's Headlines - 16 August 2023
Isro’s space probe to study the Sun
GS Paper - 3 (Space Technology)

The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) released images of the Aditya-L1 mission — the space agency’s first attempt to study the Sun. The satellite has reached the Satish Dhawan Space Center (SDSC) in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, for its integration with the launch vehicle, PSLV.

What is the Aditya-L1 mission?

The Aditya-L1 will observe the Sun from a close distance, and try to obtain information about its atmosphere and magnetic field.
It’s equipped with seven payloads (instruments) on board to study the Sun’s corona, solar emissions, solar winds and flares, and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), and will carry out round-the-clock imaging of the Sun.

Why is studying the Sun important?

Every planet, including Earth and the exoplanets beyond the Solar System, evolves — and this evolution is governed by its parent star.
The solar weather and environment affect the weather of the entire system. Variations in this weather can change the orbits of satellites or shorten their lives, interfere with or damage onboard electronics, and cause power blackouts and other disturbances on Earth. Knowledge of solar events is key to understanding space weather.
To learn about and track Earth-directed storms, and to predict their impact, continuous solar observations are needed.
Every storm that emerges from the Sun and heads towards Earth passes through L1, and a satellite placed in the halo orbit around L1 of the Sun-Earth system has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/eclipses.
L1 refers to Lagrangian/Lagrange Point 1, one of five points in the orbital plane of the Earth-Sun system. Lagrange Points, named after Italian-French mathematician Josephy-Louis Lagrange, are positions in space where the gravitational forces of a two-body system (like the Sun and the Earth) produce enhanced regions of attraction and repulsion.
These can be used by spacecraft to reduce fuel consumption needed to remain in position. The L1 point is home to the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Satellite (SOHO), an international collaboration project of NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA).
The L1 point is about 1.5 million km from Earth, or about one-hundredth of the way to the Sun. Aditya L1 will perform continuous observations looking directly at the Sun.
NASA’s Parker Solar Probe, launched in 2018, has already gone far closer — but it will be looking away from the Sun.
The earlier Helios 2 solar probe, a joint venture between NASA and the space agency of erstwhile West Germany, went within 43 million km of the Sun’s surface in 1976.

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Today's Headlines - 05 September 2023
A sunrace of significant global missions
GS Paper - 3 (Space Technology)

In the wake of the Indian Space Research Organisation's successful launch of its inaugural solar mission, Aditya-L1,, let's embark on a journey through key missions from space agencies worldwide, all dedicated to unravelling the enigmatic secrets of the Sun.
A Sunrace
USA
US: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the US space agency, launched the Parker Solar Probe in August 2018. In December 2021, Parker flew through the Sun's upper atmosphere, the corona, and sampled particles and magnetic fields there. This was the first time ever that a spacecraft touched the Sun, according to NASA.
In February 2020, NASA joined hands with the European Space Agency (ESA) and launched The Solar Orbiter to collect data to find out how the Sun created and controlled the constantly changing space environment throughout the solar system.
Other active solar missions by NASA are Advanced Composition Explorer launched in August, 1997; Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory in October, 2006; Solar Dynamics Observatory in February, 2010; and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph launched in June, 2013.
Also, in December, 1995, NASA, ESA and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) jointly launched the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO).
Japan
JAXA, Japan's space agency, launched its first solar observation satellite, Hinotori (ASTRO-A), in 1981. The objective was to study solar flares using hard X-rays, according to JAXA. JAXA's other solar exploratory missions are Yohkoh (SOLAR-A) launched in 1991; SOHO (along with NASA and ESA) in 1995; and Transient Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE), along with NASA, in 1998.
In 2006, Hinode (SOLAR-B) was launched, which was the successor to Yohkoh (SOLAR-A), the orbiting solar observatory. Japan launched it in collaboration with the US and the UK. The objective of Hinode, an observatory satellite, is to study the impact of the Sun on the Earth.
Yohkoh's objective was to observe solar flares and the solar corona. It was the first satellite to track almost an entire 11-year solar activity cycle.
Europe
In October, 1990, the ESA launched Ulysses to study the environment of space above and below the poles of the Sun, giving scientists information about the variable effect the Sun has on the space surrounding it. Other than solar missions launched in collaboration with NASA and the JAXA, the ESA launched Proba-2 in October, 2001.
Proba-2 is the second of the Proba series, building on nearly eight years of successful Proba-1 experience, even as Proba-1 was not a solar exploratory mission. On-board Proba-2 were four experiments, two of them were solar observation experiments.
Proba stands for Project for On-Board Autonomy. Upcoming solar missions of the ESA include Proba-3, scheduled for 2024 and Smile, scheduled for 2025.
China
The Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S) was successfully launched by the National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in October, 2022. The ASO-S mission is designed to reveal connections among the solar magnetic field, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
Solar flares and CMEs are eruptive solar phenomena, thought to be driven by changes in the Sun's magnetic field.

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Today's Headlines - 09 September 2023
Cabinet approves VGF for battery storage system
GS Paper - 3 (Energy)

The Union Cabinet has approved a scheme for providing viability gap funding (VGF) for developing battery storage of 4 gigawatt (Gw) by 2030-31. The VGF for the battery energy storage system (BESS) will have an initial outlay of Rs 9,400 crore and this will include a budgetary grant of Rs 3,700 crore.

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The VGF would be disbursed in five tranches and be linked with the various stages of implementation of BESS projects. The scheme is aimed at supporting the energy storage needs of the renewable energy sector, especially solar and wind.
Given their restricted hours/seasons of operation, energy storage ensures round-the-clock green energy.
The VGF scheme for BESS projects was first announced in Budget 2023. Through the scheme, the Centre is aiming to bring down the cost of battery storage systems and increase their viability.
By offering VGF support, the scheme targets achieving a Levelized Cost of Storage (LCoS) ranging from Rs 5.50-6.60 per kilowatt-hour (kWh), making stored renewable energy a viable option for managing peak power demand across the country, said a statement by the ministry of power.
The statement further said that 85 percent of BESS projects under the scheme would be provided to the power distribution companies (discoms).
This will not only enhance the integration of renewable energy into the electricity grid but also minimise wastage while optimising the utilisation of transmission networks. Consequently, this will reduce the need for costly infrastructure upgrades.
Developers for these BESS projects would be selected through a competitive bidding process, to be open for both public and private sector. This approach will foster healthy competition and encourage the growth of a robust ecosystem for BESS, attracting significant investments and generating opportunities for associated industries.

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