درس گفتارهای تاریخ اندیشه و تمدن اسلامی

🌐 بصورت مجازی، به فارسی

«تاريخ انديشه های کلامی و فقهی زيديه از قرن سوم تا قرن يازدهم قمری»
توسط دکتر حسن انصاری

جلسه اول، یکشنبه ۱۲ ژانویه، ۱۰:۰۰ صبح تا ۱۲:۰۰ ظهر (به وقت شرق آمریکا)

Zoom Participation (webinar):
https://mit.zoom.us/j/93933325521

#زيديه_کلام_و_فقه_قرن_سوم_تا_یازدهم
@azbarresihayetarikhi
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nFYyqvBIvI&list=PLRagz8v-1fF4KGgyePWeEuzvu1CDfo7B2&t=1s

"Mary in the Qur'an", Lecture 7
speaker: Dr. Farhad Ghoddoussi
Dec 22, 2024

Chapters:
0:00 Greetings & Introductory Remarks
0:29 Reading a few Hadiths for the occasion of the Birthday of Hazrat Fatima.
1:58 Reading the English translation of the Q66:11-12 verses.
3:01 List of Surahs related to the Hazrat Maryam in Qur'an in Chronological Order of Revelation and the Order of the Verses.
4:49 The special problems/points these lecture series wants to address: 1) The Family of Imran ( آل عمران) and Family of Jesus; 2) The Sister of Aaron; 3) Joseph the Carpenter (3: 44 , 23: 50 , 3: 36 , 19: 29); 4) James (Jacob) the Just brother of Jesus and the fate of the true Christianity; 5) Who was the Ancestor of the mother of the twelfth Imam, Imam Mahdi, Nargis Khatoon, Simon the Cephas or Simon the Cleophas (Cleophas or Cleopas) brother of Jesus and James.
26:51 The three basic steps of Jewish Marriage at the time of Mary and Jesus.
28:33 A few Qur'anic verses that can hint indirectly to Joseph the Carpenter Q3:44, Q3:36, Q19:20, Q23:50, and Q19:29. Qur'an consciously and systematically has eliminated Joseph the Carpenter from the Mary's story similarly Amram father of Moses is also eliminated from the Moses birth story and he is not mentioned in the Qur'an.
50:11 Another look to the Hebrew meaning of the name of the father of Mary Joachim (Yəhoyāqim יהויקים) which means “He whom Yahweh (God, Allah) set up (built, erected,..)” which leads to the conclusion that "Imran Allah" (عمران الله) the name of the father of Mary in Qur'an is the Arabic translation of his name in Hebrew.
53:52 A look to the usage of word Family (آل) in the Qur'an whether the families mentioned in Qur'an like where limited in number or extended in lineage and number by looking to the Family of Lot (آل لوط). Hence arguing that Family of Imran most probably included more than Just Imran, his wife and Mary and Jesus. this family was extended by other children of Mary (brothers and sisters of Jesus).
56:29 Brothers of Jesus: James, Joseph, Simon and Judas. Mark6:3 and Matthew13:55.
59:18 The Chronology of the Writing of the New Testament Books: Gospels of Mark, Matthew, Luke and Epistles of James and Judas
1:00:13 The Twelve sons of Jacob. The lineage of the Israelites. Royal (Kingly) Lineage ( Descendants of Judah who was ancestor of David and Solomon) and Priestly Lineage (Descendants Levi, who was the ancestor of Moses and Aaron).
1:08:28 The Genealogy of Jesus. Two Genealogies. In Gospel of Matthew It is through Joseph the Carpenter the step father of Jesus. In Gospel of Matthew it is through Mary mother of Jesus and then through her father Joachim (Eliakim, Heli or Eli are abbreviations of Joachim). Genealogy in Matthew starts from Abraham descends to David the King and Prophet and then descends through his son Solomon to Joseph the Carpenter and then Jesus, while genealogy in Luke starts from Jesus and ascends to Mary and to Joachim and then ascends to Nathan the other son of David and then to David and then ascends to Abraham and then to Noah and then to Adam, which interestingly has been referred to as son of God.
1:30:18 Dual or mixed Lineage of Mary. Mary, the mother of Jesus, was a direct descendant of King David(Royal, Kingly Lineage) but she also had significant bloodline ties to a Levite or priestly lineage descended from Aaron. That is her descendants could take both Royal and Priestly duties. In the Dead Sea Scrolls we encounter a devoutly religious community, usually identified with the Essenes, who expected the coming of three figures— a prophet like Moses (prophet Muhammad?) and the messiahs of Aaron and of Israel (Jesus? and Mahdi?).

#Mary_in_Quran

Special Topic Lecture Series

🌐 Virtual, in English

🔹Sunday Jan 12, 7:00-9:00 pm ET
Lecture (in English), 8, "Mary in the Qur'an"
Speaker, Dr. Farhad Ghoddoussi
About Speaker (Bio)

Zoom Participation (virtual):
https://mit.zoom.us/j/92377466698

#Mary_in_Quran
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيک يااَمينَ اللَّهِ فى‏ اَرْضِهِ، وَحُجَّتَهُ عَلى‏ عِبادِهِ، اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيک يا اَميرَ الْمُؤْمِنينَ، اَشْهَدُ اَنَّک جاهَدْتَ فِى اللَّهِ حَقَّ جِهادِهِ، وَ عَمِلْتَ بِکتابِهِ، وَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَنَ نَبِيهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ، حَتّى‏ دَعاک اللَّهُ اِلى‏ جِوارِهِ، فَقَبَضَک اِلَيهِ بِاخْتِيارِهِ، وَ اَلْزَمَ اَعْدائَک الْحُجَّةَ مَعَ مالَک مِنَ الْحُجَجِ‏ الْبالِغَةِ عَلى‏ جَميعِ خَلْقِهِ،

Dua Kumayl & Lecture, 15th of Rajab, Nahj al-Balagha Series

🌐 In-Person, in English

Date
Thursday January 16th, 2025
7:15 pm to 9:30 pm (Eastern Time)

Location
MIT Tang Center, E51-395, 2 Amherst St, Cambridge, MA 02142

Schedule
7:15-7:25 Quran Recitation
7:25-8:00 Dua Kumayl
8:00-8:45 Nahj al-Balagha Series, in English, H. I. Doagoo (joining by zoom)
Topic: Letter 53, Letter of Imam Ali (p) to Malik al-Ashtar, session 4, “Guidance on Spiritual Growth and the Imperative of Compassionate Leadership”
8:45-8:50 Q&A
8:50-9:00 Ziyarat Imam Husayn (p)
9:00-9:30 Dinner

- About Speaker (Bio)

https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

تاريخ انديشه های کلامی و فقهی زيديه از قرن سوم تا قرن يازدهم قمری، دکتر حسن انصاری

جلسه اول: در جلسه اول اين درسگفتارها نظريه تازه ای ارائه داديم درباره ماهيت مذهب زيديه در سده دوم قمری. در اين جلسه گفتيم که جاروديه و بتريه مذاهب فکری و مذهبی زيدی نبودند. تنها اشتراک آنها گرايش به زيديه بود که تنها يک طيف سياسی را تشکيل می داد. در واقع جاروديه و بتريه دو گرايش مقدم بر زيديه بودند و نه متأخر از آن. (۱۲ ژانویه، ۲۰۲۵)

#زيديه_کلام_و_فقه_قرن_سوم_تا_یازدهم
@azbarresihayetarikhi
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hN_L8qX2H4&list=PLRagz8v-1fF64syWCOntMn8fHSwQMxjFp&t=1s

"Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53", Session 4
speaker: H. I. Hasan Doagoo
Jan 16, 2025

#Nahj_al_Balagha_Letter_53

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRagz8v-1fF64syWCOntMn8fHSwQMxjFp

All four lectures currently presented on this invaluable Letter are available here.

#Nahj_al_Balagha_Letter_53

upcoming events, Jan 19-24, 2025

▫️Sunday Jan 19, 10:00 am-12:00 pm (virtual, in Farsi | Eng Subs)
Lecture Series, 2, "The History of Zaydiyya Theological and Jurisprudential Thoughts", Hassan Ansari, IAS, Princeton.

▫️Sunday Jan 19, 7:00-9:00 pm (virtual, in English)
Special Topics, 9, "Mary in the Qur'an", Farhad Ghoddoussi, Wayne State University, Michigan.

▫️Friday Jan 24, 7:30-9:30 pm (in-person, in English)
Special Event, Program for Eid Mab'ath.

visit us:
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

درس گفتارهای تاریخ اندیشه و تمدن اسلامی

🌐 بصورت مجازی، به فارسی

«تاريخ انديشه های کلامی و فقهی زيديه از قرن سوم تا قرن يازدهم قمری»
توسط دکتر حسن انصاری

جلسه دوم، یکشنبه ۱۹ ژانویه، ۱۰:۰۰ صبح تا ۱۲:۰۰ ظهر (به وقت شرق آمریکا)

Zoom Participation (webinar):
https://mit.zoom.us/j/93933325521

#زيديه_کلام_و_فقه_قرن_سوم_تا_یازدهم
@azbarresihayetarikhi
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

Special Topic Lecture Series

🌐 Virtual, in English

🔹Sunday Jan 19, 7:00-9:00 pm ET
Lecture (in English), 9, "Mary in the Qur'an"
Speaker, Dr. Farhad Ghoddoussi
About Speaker (Bio)

Zoom Participation (virtual):
https://mit.zoom.us/j/92377466698

#Mary_in_Quran
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGaryRLQBX4&list=PLRagz8v-1fF4KGgyePWeEuzvu1CDfo7B2&t=3s

"Mary in the Qur'an", Lecture 8 (1/2)
speaker: Dr. Farhad Ghoddoussi
Jan 12, 2025

Chapters:
0:00 Greetings & Introductory Remarks
1:49 Reading the English translation of the Q66:11-12 verses.
2:48 Brief review of previous lectures.
3:08 List of Surahs related to the Hazrat Maryam in Qur'an in Chronological Order of Revelation and the Order of the Verses.
4:09 Brief explanation of why verses Q19:34-40 will be discussed while they are not apparently directly related to Mary.
5:32 A look to the main five new points/issues and their interrelation that this lecture series wants to address: 1)The Family of Imran ( آل عمران) and Family of Jesus; 2)The Sister of Aaron; 3)Joseph the Carpenter(3: 44,23: 50,3: 36,19: 29); 4)James (Jacob) the Just brother of Jesus and the fate of the true Christianity; 5)Who was the Ancestor of the mother of the twelfth Imam, Imam Mahdi, Nargis Khatoon Simon the Cephas or Simon the Clophas (Cleophas or Cleopas) brother of Jesus and James.
9:03 Review of Genealogy of Jesus, Mary and Joseph the Carpenter as it is listed in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. The dual Priestly(Aaronic) and Royal (Davidic) lineage of Mary and Jesus. the Dead Sea Scrolls devout community were anticipating a prophet like Moses and the two messiahs one from Davidic and one from Aaronic lineage.
24:54 The Genealogy of Mary on the basis of a ancient Syriac manuscript found in Sinai peninsula(Sinai Syr.16). A different tradition in which the name of the father and mother of Mary are named as to be Zadoq (صادق) and Dina instead of Joachim and Anna(Hannah or Anne), which is not necessarily contradictory, but with the emphasize on the dual Aaronic and Davidic lineage for Mary and that Mary and Joseph Carpenter were relative and their great grand father, Eleazar, was the same.
41:59 A brief look to the Rhyme and saj' in the surah 19 Maryam and the change in the rhyme in the verses Q19:34-40 respect to the verses before and after it.
50:52 Reading the English translation of Q19:34-40
57:47 Three arguments which are used the Q19:34-40 verses are added latter:1)Different Rhyme, 2)Parenthetical digression and 3)Polemic against Christianity.
59:54 Polemics against Christianity (divinity of Jesus) has been very early in Qur'an for Example Q112 Surah Al-Ikhlas although its first target audience is polytheists of Mecca and Hijaz but has a criticism of divine sonship of Jesus.
1:07:48 An example of adding a verse in Medina to a Meccan surah. Verse 20 of the Surah Muzammil Surah 73.
1:11:32 Examples of change of rhyme in the suras of Qur'an
1:17:03 Tafsir Al-Mizan written by M.H. Tabatabai commentary on verses Q19:34-37. Verses Q19:36 is exactly repeated in Q3:51, Q43:64 and alluded to in Q5:117 and has intertextuality with Gospel of John20:17.

#Mary_in_Quran

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGaryRLQBX4&list=PLRagz8v-1fF4KGgyePWeEuzvu1CDfo7B2&t=3s

"Mary in the Qur'an", Lecture 8 (2/2)
speaker: Dr. Farhad Ghoddoussi
Jan 12, 2025

Chapters:
1:30:16 The three Views: 1)Traditional View which believes Qur'an is revealed by God and its content does not reflect the knowledge and understanding of Prophet Muhammad but the divine being, 2)Historical-Critical (secular) View (Guillaume Dye and Stephen Shoemaker) that believes Qur'an (specially verses 19:1-63) shows deep knowledge of Christianity in such a degree that could not have exited in Hijaz of first half of 7th century therefore these verses must have been composed by someone and in some place with deep knowledge of Bible, Christianity and Judaism for example in Jerusalem after the conquests. 3)Historical-Critical (Secular) View (Nicolai Sinai and Sean W Anthony) that Qur'an familiarity with Christianity is not that deep that could not have been acquired by diffusion or missionary activity, while we know bible was translated to Arabic after Islam.
1:38:20 Profile of the "Author" of Qur'an Q19:1-63 as described by Guillaume Dye The Qur'anic Mary and the Chronology of the Qur'an. Including deep familiarity with Luke1, Kathisma Church narratives , Jerusalem Marian Liturgy, familiarity with the "Cycle of Abraham" from the book of Genesis of the Bible, some knowledge of Hebrew and Aramaic. good command of Greek and a deep knowledge of Christology that enabled him to write a text of convergence which could work as a kind of biggest common Christological denominator, that could attract the most among the Christian community of his time.

#Mary_in_Quran

Special Event, Eid al-Mab’ath

🌐 In-Person, in English

Speaker: Ammar Pabaney
Lecture: "Nabi-al-Ummi (PBUH): Could the Prophet (PBUH) read and write?"

Date
Friday January 24th, 2025
7:30 pm to 9:30 pm (Eastern Time)

Location
MIT Student Center, 2nd Floor, Lobdell Hall, 84 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139

Schedule
7:30-7:35 Quran Recitation
7:35-7:45 Poem
7:45-8:45 Lecture and Q&A, in English
8:45-9:00 Ziyarat of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
9:00-9:30 Dinner

- About Speaker (Bio)

https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

تاريخ انديشه های کلامی و فقهی زيديه از قرن سوم تا قرن يازدهم قمری، دکتر حسن انصاری

جلسه دوم: در اين جلسه، نخست از اين نکته بحث کرديم که زيد بن علي (ع) معمولا به عنوان کسی تلقی می شود که سادات اهل بيت (ع) در سده دوم قمری با الگو گرفتن از او بر عليه امويان و عباسيان قيام کردند. اين سخن درست است؛ از فرزندش يحیی تا نفس زکيه تا حسين فخي. با اين وصف هيچ کدام از اين علويان به ادعای امامت به مفهومی که بعدها زيديه در دستگاه فکری خود از امامت سراغ می گرفتند قيام نکردند. در روايات کهن اماميه هم بر اين تأکيد شده که زيد بن علی با ادعای امامت برای خود نبود که بر عليه امويان قيام کرد. معنای خروج و قيام آنان چه بود؟ اولين کسی که از ميان سادات اهل بيت با ادعای امامت زيدی قيام کرد که بود؟ نه نفس زکيه زيدی مذهب بود و نه حسين فخی. اولين شخصی که در ميان سادات با انديشه امامت زيدی قيام کرد محمد بن ابراهيم طباطبا بود در آخر سده دوم قمری. همچنين از اين بحث کرديم که زیدیه مذهبی است که بیش از آنکه به زيد بن علی (ع) بتوان آن را نسبت داد متعلق به زیدیان کوفی اوائل سده سوم قمری از یک سو و مکتب قاسم رسي و اخلافش در يمن در آغاز سده چهارم از ديگر سوست. بی استثناء هر آنچه به زيد بن علی از متن و کتاب نسبت داده شده از او نيست. تنها موردی که اصالتی دارد مسند زید بن علی است که البته هسته اوليه آن از ابو خالد واسطی است و او در آن تعالیمی فقهی را به زید بن علی نسبت می دهد. هر چه هست این متن ریشه کهنه کوفی از نیمه سده دوم قمری دارد. مابقی آثاری که به زید نسبت داده اند از او نیست. (۱۹ ژانویه، ۲۰۲۵)

#زيديه_کلام_و_فقه_قرن_سوم_تا_یازدهم
@azbarresihayetarikhi
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/
@zekrMIT

"Living in the Time of Adversity"
Guest Speaker: Hassanain Rajabali
Friday, January 31, 2025, 7:30 pm ET
45 min lecture followed by another 45 min Q&A and interactive discussion.

✳️ RSVP is required:
https://sites.mit.edu/zekrmit/calendar_event/special-event-eids-of-shaban/

@zekrMIT

25 Rajab (Jan. 26): Martyrdom of Imam Musa al-Kadhim (p), 183 A.H.

السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا وَلِيَّ اللّٰهِ وَابْنَ وَلِيِّهِ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا حُجَّةَ اللّٰهِ وَابْنَ حُجَّتِهِ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا صَفِيَّ اللّٰهِ وَابْنَ صَفِيِّهِ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يا أَمِينَ اللّٰهِ وَابْنَ أَمِينِهِ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا نُورَ اللّٰهِ فِي ظُلُماتِ الْأَرْضِ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا إِمامَ الْهُدىٰ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا عَلَمَ الدِّينِ وَالتُّقىٰ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا خازِنَ عِلْمِ النَّبِيِّينَ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا خازِنَ عِلْمِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا نائِبَ الْأَوْصِياءِ السَّابِقِينَ،

@zekrMIT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFghsyracwc&t=2s

"Repressor of Anger (Kadhim): Title of Imam Musa ibn Jafar (a)"
speaker: H. I. Hasan Doagoo
Feb 4, 2024