#کمبریج۱۳_تست_۳_ریدینگ_۳
Now, research published by Dr Varna Dixit and Professor David Hodell, both from Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences, has provided the first definitive evidence for climate change affecting the plains of north-western India, where hundreds of Harappan sites are known to have been situated. The researchers gathered shells of Melanoides tuberculata snails from the sediments of an ancient lake and used geochemical analysis as a means of tracing the climate history of the region. 'As today, the major source of water into the lake is likely to have been the summer monsoon,' says Dixit. 'But we have observed that there was an abrupt change about 4, 100 years ago, when the amount of evaporation from the lake exceeded the rainfall -indicative of a drought.' Hodell adds: 'We estimate that the weakening of the Indian summer monsoon climate lasted about 200 years before recovering to the previous conditions, which we still see today.'
✔ساختارهای فوق العاده پارگراف پنجم
🔴Now, research published by Dr Yama Dixit and Professor David Hodell,
⭕اکنون تحقیقات منتشر شده توسط دکتر یاما دیگزیت و پروفسور دوید هادل
🔴both from Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences,
⭕هر دو از دپارتمان علوم زمین در دانشگاه کمبریج
🔴has provided the first definitive evidence for climate change
⭕اولین شواهد قطعی برای تغییر اب و هوا را ارائه دادند
🔴affecting the plains of north-western India,
⭕تغییری که بر دشتهای شمال غربی هند تاثیر گذاشت
🔴where hundreds of Harappan sites are known to have been situated.
⭕جایی که صدها مکان هاراپان مشخص است که در ان واقع شده بودند
🔴The researchers gathered shells of Melanoides tuberculata snails
⭕محققان صدفهایی از حلزونهای ملانوید توبرکیولاتا (نوع حلزون) جمع اوری کردند
🔴from the sediments of an ancient lake
⭕از رسوبهای یک دریاچه باستانی
🔴and used geochemical analysis
⭕و از تحلیلهای شیمی زمین استفاده کردند
🔴as a means of tracing the climate history of the region.
⭕به عنوان ابزاری برای ردیابی تاریخچه اب و هوای این منطقه
🔴'As today, the major source of water into the lake is likely to have been the summer monsoon,' says Dixit.
⭕همانند امروز ، منبع اصلی اب دریاچه احتمالا بارانهای موسمی تابستانی بوده است
🛑But we have observed that
⭕اما ما مشاهده کردیم که
🔴there was an abrupt change about 4,100 years ago,
⭕تغییری ناگهانی در حدود 4100 سال پیش وجود داشته است
🔴when the amount of evaporation from the lake exceeded the rainfall
⭕وقتی مقدار تبخیر از دریاچه بیشتر از بارش باران بود
🔴indicative of a drought.'
⭕که این نشانگر خشکسالی است
🔴X is indicative of Y
⭕نشانگر .....است
Now, research published by Dr Varna Dixit and Professor David Hodell, both from Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences, has provided the first definitive evidence for climate change affecting the plains of north-western India, where hundreds of Harappan sites are known to have been situated. The researchers gathered shells of Melanoides tuberculata snails from the sediments of an ancient lake and used geochemical analysis as a means of tracing the climate history of the region. 'As today, the major source of water into the lake is likely to have been the summer monsoon,' says Dixit. 'But we have observed that there was an abrupt change about 4, 100 years ago, when the amount of evaporation from the lake exceeded the rainfall -indicative of a drought.' Hodell adds: 'We estimate that the weakening of the Indian summer monsoon climate lasted about 200 years before recovering to the previous conditions, which we still see today.'
✔ساختارهای فوق العاده پارگراف پنجم
🔴Now, research published by Dr Yama Dixit and Professor David Hodell,
⭕اکنون تحقیقات منتشر شده توسط دکتر یاما دیگزیت و پروفسور دوید هادل
🔴both from Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences,
⭕هر دو از دپارتمان علوم زمین در دانشگاه کمبریج
🔴has provided the first definitive evidence for climate change
⭕اولین شواهد قطعی برای تغییر اب و هوا را ارائه دادند
🔴affecting the plains of north-western India,
⭕تغییری که بر دشتهای شمال غربی هند تاثیر گذاشت
🔴where hundreds of Harappan sites are known to have been situated.
⭕جایی که صدها مکان هاراپان مشخص است که در ان واقع شده بودند
🔴The researchers gathered shells of Melanoides tuberculata snails
⭕محققان صدفهایی از حلزونهای ملانوید توبرکیولاتا (نوع حلزون) جمع اوری کردند
🔴from the sediments of an ancient lake
⭕از رسوبهای یک دریاچه باستانی
🔴and used geochemical analysis
⭕و از تحلیلهای شیمی زمین استفاده کردند
🔴as a means of tracing the climate history of the region.
⭕به عنوان ابزاری برای ردیابی تاریخچه اب و هوای این منطقه
🔴'As today, the major source of water into the lake is likely to have been the summer monsoon,' says Dixit.
⭕همانند امروز ، منبع اصلی اب دریاچه احتمالا بارانهای موسمی تابستانی بوده است
🛑But we have observed that
⭕اما ما مشاهده کردیم که
🔴there was an abrupt change about 4,100 years ago,
⭕تغییری ناگهانی در حدود 4100 سال پیش وجود داشته است
🔴when the amount of evaporation from the lake exceeded the rainfall
⭕وقتی مقدار تبخیر از دریاچه بیشتر از بارش باران بود
🔴indicative of a drought.'
⭕که این نشانگر خشکسالی است
🔴X is indicative of Y
⭕نشانگر .....است