India gets tactical advantage in the Doklam
Ahead of the India-China informal summit later this month, India has opened up an alternate road which will make it easy for the Indian forces to move faster than before in the Doklam area.
Read Here: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21629-india-gets-tactical-advantage-in-the-doklam.html
#India #Doklam #LAC #BRO #JNU #LAC #BRDB

Mizoram rejects Forest Act amendment
The Mizoram government has rejected the Centre’s proposal to amend the “anti-indigenous people” Indian Forest Act, 1927, as its provisions are in conflict with the special provisions the State enjoys under Article 371G of the Constitution.
Read Here: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21628-mizoram-rejects-forest-act-amendment.html
#Mizoram #ForestAct #amendment #Article371G #MNF #JFMC

Army inducts 'tank killers’
Indian infantry soldiers now finally have a new weapon to destroy advancing enemy tanks on the western front with Pakistan.
Read Here: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21627-army-inducts-tank-killers.html
#Army #tankkillers #ATGMs #Pakistan #DRDO #PSU

India's first corporatised train
Chief minister Aditya Nath Yogi flagged off the first corporatised train of Indian Railways, Tejas express, from Lucknow Junction station's cabway, on 4 October 2019, to New Delhi.
Read Here: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21626-india-s-first-corporatised-train.html
#India #corporatised #train #AdityaNathYogi #IndianRailways #IRCTC

Old giant continents near Earth’s mantle
The underground rocky continents which are deep inside the Earth might have formed from an ancient magma ocean which got solidified during the starting of the formation of the Earth approximately 4.5 billion years ago, according to a new study.
Read Here: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21625-old-giant-continents-near-earth-s-mantle.html
#Earth #Oldgiant #mantle #AGU #Moon

Nobel Prize for Medicine 2019
The 2019 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology was jointly awarded on 7 October 2019 to two Americans and a British scientist, namely William G. Kaelin Jr, Gregg L. Semenza, Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, for their discoveries of “how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability”.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21648-nobel-prize-for-medicine-2019.html
#NobelPrize #Medicine2019 #British #JamesAllison

India plans to deploy M777s near LAC
India has decided to enhance its artillery firepower along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China in eastern Arunachal Pradesh, with the US-made M777 Ultra-Light Howitzers likely to be deployed along the LAC by the year-end. The development comes ahead of Chinese President Xi Jinping’s expected India visit next week.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21647-india-plans-to-deploy-m777s-near-lac.html
#M777 #LAC #India #HimVijay #Assam #Army #XiJinping

New organic compounds in Enceladus
Data from NASA’s Cassini mission has found new kinds of organic compounds, which have ingredients for amino acids–the key building blocks of life– from the icy plumes of Saturn’s moon Enceladus.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21646-new-organic-compounds-in-enceladus.html
#Neworganic #NASA #JPL #Earth #Cassinimission #moon

SC opens office of CJI to RTI
The Office of the Chief Justice of India (CJI) is a public authority under the Right to Information (RTI) Act and is liable to provide information sought in public interest, a five-judge Constitution Bench led by Chief Justice of India Ranjan Gogoi declared on 13 November 2019.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21980-sc-opens-office-of-cji-to-rti.html
#SC #CJI #SanjeevKhanna #RanjanGogoi #RTI #DeepakGupta

SC scraps Finance Act rules on tribunals
The Supreme Court on 13 November 2019 struck down provisions of the amended Finance Act 2017, which had changed the structure and powers of various judicial tribunals, such as the National Green Tribunal and Income Tax Appellate Tribunal.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21979-sc-scraps-finance-act-rules-on-tribunals.html
#SC #NGO #SAFE #ITAT #TDSAT #MoneyBill #NGT

Tiger Triumph
The first ever joint exercise involving the Army, Navy and Air Force of both India and the United States and commanded by each other, the tri-services joint exercise between the two countries, announced by US President Donald Trump during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s event in Texas in September, started in Visakhapatnam on 13 November 2019.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21978-tiger-triumph.html
#TigerTriumph #Navy #Army #NarendraModi #HADR #RAMT

11th summit of Brics
Prime Minister Narendra Modi is in Brazil for the 11th Brics Summit which has the theme 'Economic Growth for an Innovative Future'.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21977-11th-summit-of-brics.html
#Brics #NarendraModi #GDP #VladimirPutin #MEA

Mauritius PM takes oath
Mauritius's incumbent Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth was sworn in for a five-year term on 12 November 2019 after elections in which his coalition consolidated its grip on parliament.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21976-mauritius-pm-takes-oath.html
#Mauritius #PM #PravindJugnauth #Alliance #RenganadenPadayach

Ancient life in Jezero crater
NASA’s Mars 2020 rover will hunt for microscopic fossils, which could provide signs of ancient life on the red planet. The 2020 rover is yet to be named, and is expected to land on the planet by February 18, 2021.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/21975-ancient-life-in-jezero-crater.html
#Ancient #Jezero #NASA #Mars2020 #JPL #microscopic

Formal sanction letter for PC in Army
The Union government on 23 July 2020 issued a formal sanction letter for grant of Permanent Commission (PC) to women officers in Indian Army, paving the way for empowering women officers to shoulder larger roles in the organisation.
Read More: https://www.ksgindia.com/study-material/news-for-aspirants/24621-formal-sanction-letter-for-pc-in-army.html
#Formalsanctionletter #PC #Army #AEC #JAG

Watch KSG Explainer - New version of Akash Missile | GS Paper - 3 (Defence Technology) #generalstudies
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vi2KMW6C5ik

Watch: India successfully test-fires army version of MRSAM missile system #DRDO #IAI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zrk20cd2L3A&t=1s

Today's Headlines - 26 July 2023
Parliamentary panel's nod for inter-services organisations bill
GS Paper - 2 (Polity)

As India gets set to create unified theatre commands for integrated war-fighting machinery in a cost-effective manner, a parliamentary panel has approved the proposed law to empower military commanders of all tri-service organisations with full administrative and disciplinary powers. Agreeing with the provisions of The Inter-Services Organisations (Command, Control & Discipline) Bill, 2023, which was introduced in Lok Sabha on 15 March, the parliamentary standing committee on defence recommended the bill be passed “without any amendments” and enacted as a statute.

More about the Bill

The enactment of the bill will herald greater integration and jointmanship in inter-services organisations (ISOs) and establishments, the committee said.
India was once again resolutely working towards the creation of integrated theatre commands (ITCs) – which stalled after the first chief of defence staff Gen Bipin Rawat’s death in a helicopter crash in December 2021 -- after achieving a “consensus” among the Army, Navy and IAF.
This most radical military reorganization since Independence will see two “adversary-specific” ITCs -- one for the northern borders with China at Lucknow and the other for the western front with Pakistan at Jaipur.
Then there will be the Maritime Theatre Command (MTC) at Karwar in coastal Karnataka for the Indian Ocean Region as well as the larger Indo-Pacific.

Why this legislation?

The proposed legislation will ensure the requisite command and control of the existing ISOs such as the regional Andaman Nicobar Command and the functional Strategic Forces Command as well as the impending ITCs.
The new law will “empower” the government to constitute ISOs as well the commander-in-chief of an ISO to maintain discipline and ensure proper discharge of duties of all the personnel from the Army, Navy and IAF serving under his command.
At present, military personnel are governed by different acts and rules of their own respective services. These are the Army Act, 1950, the Air Force Act, 1950, and the Navy Act, 1957.
Consequently, personnel serving in ISOs currently have to be sent back to their parent service for disciplinary or administrative action.
Once the theatre commands are in place, they will take over the “operational role” of the single-service commands under them.

Flashback

At present, India has as many as 17 single-service commands (Army 7, IAF 7 and Navy 3), which have very little synergy in planning, logistics and operations.
China, in contrast, re-organised its 2.3-million People’s Liberation Army into five theatre commands in early-2016 to boost offensive capabilities and establish better command-and-control structures.
Its Western Theatre Command, for instance, handles the entire 3,488-km Line of Actual Control from eastern Ladakh to Arunachal Pradesh. India, in contrast, has four Army and three IAF commands for the northern borders with China.

#upsc #news #parliamentary #panel #todayheadline #interservices #organisations #polity #bill #MTC #legislation #indian #ocean #region #indopacific #andaman #nicobar #command #strategic #empower #airforce #army #act1950

Today's Headlines - 28 July 2023
Kargil Vijay Diwas
GS Paper - 2 (Polity)

Leaders across India’s political spectrum paid their tributes to India’s armed forces and the fallen martyrs on the occasion of the 24th anniversary of the Kargil Vijay Diwas. The Kargil war was imposed on India. At that time, India had tried to solve the issues with Pakistan through talks. During Operation Vijay, the Indian Army sent a message not only to Pakistan but to the whole world that when it comes to our national interests, our Army will not back down at any cost.

The Kargil War

The Kargil War officially ended on 26 July 1999, with the eviction of the last remaining Pakistani troops and infiltrators from positions on the Indian side of the Line of Control (LoC).
The conflict was triggered when infiltrators from Pakistan crossed the LoC and occupied high positions in Ladakh’s Kargil district.
The infiltrators were initially thought to be jihadis. But over the first few weeks, as the sheer scale of the invasion came to light, the role of the Pakistani state became undeniable.
Between mid-May and July, the Indian forces slowly recaptured critical positions from the Pakistanis, in the face of heavy casualties and numerous strategic and logistic difficulties, culminating with the Army announcing the complete withdrawal of all Pakistani regular and irregular troops from Kargil on 26 July 2023.
Indian casualties at the end of the War stood at 527 dead, 1,363 wounded and 1 PoW (Fl Lt K Nachiketa, whose MiG-27 was shot down during a strike operation).

Challenging conditions

The Kargil War posed multiple challenges to the Indian armed forces. On one hand, were the enemy infiltrators, well armed and supported by non-stop shelling by Pakistan artillery from across the border. On the other, were the conditions of Kargil itself.
Kargil is located at the northern edge of the LoC some 200 km northeast of Srinagar and 230 km west of Leh.
While the town of Kargil is itself at an altitude of 2,676 m (8,780 ft), Dras lies at a height of 3,300 m (10,800 ft) and the surrounding peaks rise to altitudes of 4,800 m (16,000 ft) to 5,500 m (18,000 ft).
These are extremely high altitudes, which cause severe physiological effects on the human body while also posing logistical and strategic challenges.

How the Army conquered Kargil’s conditions

The initial stages of the War taught some valuable lessons, as both the Army and the Air Force discovered that it was unprepared for such high-altitude combat at this scale.
Many soldiers suffered from altitude sickness which event caused a few casualties. The lack of equipment for fighting in such cold weather was another challenge.
On the other hand, the terrain and Pakistan’s constant shelling on the crucial NH 1A caused major logistical challenges.
Eventually, the Army modified its methods to overcome these challenges. Units initiated acclimatisation and training programs to better prepare the soldiers for the conditions.
Better cold-weather equipment was procured (though the Army remained lacking in this regard throughout the War).
Techniques for high-altitude assault were further honed. Instead of daytime frontal attacks, assaults increasingly featured small groups scaling near-vertical terrain.

#upsc #news #todayheadline #kargil #vijaydiwas #polity #pakistan #ladakh #indian #forces #loc #physiological #strategic #army #war #logistical #equipment

Today's Headlines - 11 August 2023
Manipur Police have filed an FIR against AR
GS Paper - 2 (Polity)

Police in Manipur have registered an FIR accusing the Assam Rifles (AR) of preventing police from doing their duty, including blocking their way with armoured vehicles, which allegedly allowed Kuki militants suspected of killing Meiteis to escape.

Who are the Assam Rifles, and what is their role?

The AR is one of the six central armed police forces (CAPFs) under the administrative control of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
The other five forces are the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Border Security Force (BSF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB).
The AR is tasked with maintaining law and order in the Northeast along with the Indian Army. It also guards the Indo-Myanmar border.
The AR have a sanctioned strength of more than 63,000 personnel, organised in 46 battalions, apart from administrative and training staff.

The AR is unique

It is the only paramilitary force with a dual control structure. While the administrative control of the force is with the MHA, its operational control is with the Indian Army, which is under the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
This means that salaries and infrastructure for the force is provided by the MHA, but the deployment, posting, transfers, and deputation of AR personnel is decided by the Army.
All its senior ranks, from DG to IG and sector headquarters are manned by officers from the Army. The force is commanded by a Lieutenant General of the Indian Army.
The AR is in effect a central paramilitary force (CPMF) — its operational duties and regimentation are on the lines of the Indian Army.
However, being a CAPF under the MHA, the recruitment, perks, and promotion of AR personnel, and their retirement policies are governed according to rules framed for CAPFs by the MHA.
There are demands within the AR that only one Ministry should have full control over the force.
A large section within the AR wants to be under the administrative control of the MoD, as that would mean perks and retirement benefits that are far better than those enjoyed by the CAPFs under MHA.
However, Army personnel retire early — at age 35 — while the retirement age of CAPFs is 60 years.
Also, CAPF officers have recently been granted non-functional financial upgradation (NFFU) to at least financially address the issue of stagnation in their careers due to lack of avenues for promotions.
But Army personnel also get‘one rank, one pension’ (OROP) which is not available to CAPFs.

#upsc #news #headline #manipur #FIR #polity #police #AR #CAPF #ministryofhome #affairs #MHA #CRPF #BSF #CISF #SSB #tibetan #border #CISF #ITBP #myanmar #indian #army #MoD #OROP

Why Do We Celebrate ARMY DAY on 15th January Every Year | Abdul Ghani Khan

https://youtu.be/yVy30oV8Beg?si=xFhooBpuG8EOE27Q