Orthopnea is the sensation of breathlessness in the recumbent position, relieved by sitting or standing. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) is a sensation of shortness of breath that awakens the patient, often after 1 or 2 hours of sleep, and is usually relieved in the upright position.
ارتوپنه احساس تنگی نفس در حالت خوابیده است که با نشستن یا ایستادن برطرف می شود. تنگی نفس پاروکسیسمال شبانه (PND) احساس تنگی نفس است که بیمار را اغلب پس از 1 یا 2 ساعت خواب بیدار می کند و معمولاً در وضعیت عمودی تسکین می یابد.
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II. Heart Failure (HF)
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
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Atrioventricular canal defect
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Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
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Patent ductus arteriosus
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Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
@takaloo_rn

Ventricular septal defect
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Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
@takaloo_rn

ch 36 session 4:
III. Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
B. Atrial septal defect (ASD)
C. Atrioventricular canal defect
D. Patent ductus arteriosus
E. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
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Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
#p1061 #p1062
#نمونه_تدریس
جهت ثبت نام در دوره صوتی فشرده کتاب ساندرز کامپرهنسیو در دایرکت پیام بدهید لطفا
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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V. Defects with Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
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Major criteria: carditis (clinical and/or subclinical), arthritis (polyarthritis), chorea, Erythema marginatum, and subcutaneous nodules. Minor criteria: olyarthralgia, fever (≥38.5° F), sedimentation rate ≥60 mm and/or C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥3.0 mg/dl, and prolonged PR interval (unless carditis is a major criterion

X. Rheumatic Fever
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Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
@takaloo_rn

Chorea
Chorea is a movement disorder that causes involuntary, irregular, unpredictable muscle movements. The disorder can make you look like you're dancing (the word chorea comes from the Greek word for “dance”) or look restless or fidgety. Chorea is a movement problem that occurs in many different diseases and conditions.
X. Rheumatic Fever
#ch36
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
@takaloo_rn

FIG. 36-1 Clinical manifestations of rheumatic fever.
X. Rheumatic Fever
#ch36
Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
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Kawasaki Disease
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Pediatric, Cardiovascular Problems
@takaloo_rn