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Agnosia

Agnosia is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process sensory information. People with agnosia may lose the ability to recognize objects, sounds, shapes, or smells, even though their sensory organs function normally. It is often linked to brain injuries or neurological illnesses, particularly damage to the occipitotemporal border, which is part of the ventral stream.

Types of Agnosia:
Visual Agnosia: Inability to recognize objects by sight.

Auditory Agnosia: Difficulty distinguishing sounds, including speech.

Tactile Agnosia: Trouble identifying objects by touch.

Anosognosia: Lack of awareness of one's own condition.

Prosopagnosia: Inability to recognize faces.

Causes:
Stroke

Brain injury

Neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s)

Tumors affecting sensory processing areas

Treatment:
Neurological rehabilitation

Cognitive therapy

Speech and occupational therapy

Managing underlying conditions
Takaloo Nursing Academy
Agnosia Agnosia is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process sensory information. People with agnosia may lose the ability to recognize objects, sounds, shapes, or smells, even though their sensory organs function normally. It is…
آگنوزی یک اختلال عصبی است که بر توانایی مغز در پردازش اطلاعات حسی تأثیر می‌گذارد. افراد مبتلا به آگنوزی ممکن است توانایی تشخیص اشیاء، صداها، شکل‌ها یا بوها را از دست بدهند، حتی اگر اندام‌های حسی آنها به طور طبیعی کار کنند. این بیماری اغلب با آسیب‌های مغزی یا بیماری‌های عصبی، به ویژه آسیب به مرز پس‌سری-گیجگاهی که بخشی از جریان شکمی است، مرتبط است.


انواع آگنوزی:

آگنوزی بصری: ناتوانی در تشخیص اشیاء از طریق بینایی.

آگنوزی شنیداری: دشواری در تشخیص صداها، از جمله گفتار.

آگنوزی لمسی: مشکل در شناسایی اشیاء از طریق لمس.

آنوسوگنوزی: عدم آگاهی از وضعیت خود.

پروزوپاگنوزی: ناتوانی در تشخیص چهره‌ها.


علل:
سکته مغزی

آسیب مغزی

بیماری‌های نورودژنراتیو (مانند آلزایمر، پارکینسون)

تومورهایی که بر نواحی پردازش حسی تأثیر می‌گذارند

درمان:
توانبخشی عصبی

درمان شناختی

گفتاردرمانی و کاردرمانی

مدیریت بیماری‌های زمینه‌ای
#SOLER is an acronym used to remember the key components of active listening in #therapeutic #communication:

S – Sit squarely facing the client
O – Open posture (uncrossed arms and legs)
L – Lean slightly toward the client
E – Eye contact maintained appropriately
R – Relax and remain attentive

SOLER مخففی است که برای یادآوری اجزای کلیدی گوش دادن فعال در ارتباط درمانی استفاده می‌شود:

S – صاف رو به مراجع بنشینید
O – حالت بدن باز (دست‌ها و پاها بدون ضربدری)
L – کمی به سمت مراجع خم شوید
E – تماس چشمی مناسب برقرار شود
R – آرام باشید و توجه خود را حفظ کنید
Takaloo Nursing Academy
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a simple mnemonic to remember what Milieu Therapy focuses on:

🔵 M = Meaningful interactions (social environment)
🔵 I = Individual safety (physical environment)
🔵 L = Learning norms (cultural environment)
🔵 I = Independence promotion
🔵 E = Emotional expression support
🔵 U = Understanding therapeutic needs

🌟 Quick way to think about it:
"Milieu = Meaningful Life In Every Usual aspect" — it touches social, emotional, cultural, and physical parts of the patient's daily life to help them heal.
#milieu
phlegm
خلط
The 5 Rights of #Delegation
Quick Mnemonic to Remember:
"T.C.P.D.S." → Tasks, Circumstance, Person, Direction, Supervision.
(You can think of it as: "The Clever Professional Delegates Safely.") 🎯
Takaloo Nursing Academy
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#Professional #Behaviours Checklist for Culturally Sensitive Care

1. Act Proactively
Anticipate cultural needs before issues arise.
Notice and challenge discrimination, harassment, or stereotyping early.

2. Show Respect Always
Respect patients’ cultural beliefs, values, and customs.
Use respectful, nonjudgmental language at all times.

3. Communicate Clearly and Inclusively
Check for language barriers and offer interpreters if needed.
Use simple, non-medical language when explaining care.

4. Be Professionally Accountable
Uphold the NMC Code at all times.
Document concerns and escalate issues when necessary (e.g., safeguarding).

5. Practice Cultural Awareness
Learn about and recognize different cultural health practices.
Avoid assumptions — always ask what matters to the individual.

6. Empower Patient Choices
Support patients’ rights to make informed decisions that align with their cultural beliefs.

7. Create a Safe and Inclusive Environment
Advocate for inclusive care spaces (e.g., prayer spaces, culturally appropriate meals).
Foster kindness and fairness across the whole team.

Little Motto to Remember:
"Respect proactively, communicate inclusively, care professionally."