Add this point in an answer to the question on the socio-economic impact of Ryotwari settlement. (or impact of introducing the Western notion of private property in land).

It impacted not only the settled peasants but also itinerant pastoralists.

Sources for History Optional. Four distinct videos for one section each - Ancient, Medieval, Modern, World.

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRY4mFD-4D6sYznfYEHs3muaCOK64jbXH&si=p7gSLBDiD3eQgoXq

1820s - Ajanta was discovered. A beautiful chapter was added.

1920s - Harappan civilization was discovered. Another chapter was added.

2020s - Keeladi. Sangam era urbanization chapter is added.

Bahaj village in Deeg distric, Rajasthan: ASI finds 4,500-year-old civilisation in Deeg; statues, utensils, metal weapons from Mahabharata, Maurya eras discovered -

India Today https://share.google/iE7SvdS0ynwMTE4pt

What kind of an aspirant are you??

I would be awaiting your feedback in comment section. Let me know.

Nikhil

https://youtu.be/Q5VDTgm9Kxs

UPPSC Mains GS 1 (2025)
History and Culture questions

Introduce the literary sources for the study of Ancient Indian History. (8)

Give an account of the challenges faced by India immediately after Independence. (8)

“Nepolian was the son of the Revolution.” – Explain. (8)

Describe the main characteristics of Indian culture. (8)

The French Revolution was a great result of enlightenment period.” – Comment. (12)

Outline the development of revolutionary movement in Bengal. (12)

What are the main features of Sangam Period Culture ? (12)

Indian society is known for its uniqueness and cultural diversity. Discuss. (12)

This is the pottery of Harappan era. Some of it are terracotta cakes.

We collected it with the help of an archaeologist from Rakhigarhi. There are various types here and some of it comes with perforation or painted black designs.

We could only collect such potsherds and the good complete pieces are all in museum. Nonetheless, to own a piece of history is a great feeling for sure.

In the coming classes, I am thinking that students who perform best in the tests should get Harappan pottery as reward. As a memorabilia.

What do you say?

Let's prepare the topic of Bajirao Peshwa for the exam.

The Early Medieval History is always a source of confusion... A lot of politics happens. Many kings fight. Many dynasties emerge.

This one single video will solve that problem forever. A neat a clear timeline to put things in proper place.

Must watch.

https://youtu.be/nU1SQISeRN8

It has been one year now since this wildest project started. There was no such thing. It had to be created from zero. This is a short recap of the efforts so far. And it is just a beginning. Many more projects are in the offing...

If you have found it useful, do write a comment on Youtube as a token of appreciation. We would like to listen to you. Both Vishal sir and Nikhil sir will be personally reading all the comments on this specific video.

(and yes, if you have not subscribed yet, do it quickly. In next one month, at least 4 interesting videos are coming)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zONjZueoiOs

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If there is any difficult concept, we make it easy for you... This is the modified summary table for this year's GS Foundation batch. Very handy for quick revision.

K Amarnath Ramakrishnan prepared the famous report of the first two seasons excavation in Keeladi. He was asked to revise it by the ASI and he declined.

Now PS Sriraman will prepare a different report of the third season, which he had excavated at Keeladi.

We will have two different reports by two different people now. Both having done excavations at Keeladi.

There is a potential that this is going to get murkier and more debatable. Fingers crossed.

It's exciting for sure. It only establishes that the field of Archaeology is sexy and political, not boring.

- Nikhil

We’re Looking for a Production Manager! 🎬🎨⚙️

Hey folks,

We’ve got a bunch of super talented people working on our reels, graphics, shorts, and videos — but what we really need now is someone to pull it all together. Someone who knows how to get things done, keeps the team on track, and brings that missing spark of direction and speed.

Think of it like film production — every creative team needs a production manager. That’s who we’re looking for.

What kind of person?
1. You’ve been through the UPSC grind — so you get the content and the vibe.

2. You’ve handled creative or technical teams before — and actually enjoyed it.

3. You know how to set goals, build a workflow, and keep the momentum going.

4. You understand how creators work — and how to make their life easier, not harder.


This is an exciting work — fast-paced, a little chaotic (in a fun way), and full of potential. But we need someone who can jump in from Day One. Not a training gig — this needs experience.

If this sounds like your kind of challenge, drop your resume at
📧 careers@levelupias.com

Let’s build something awesome together.

— Team LevelUp IAS 🚀

Finally it is going to happened. It is long awaited.... most excited about it. I know some people involved in this effort of getting recognition. Immense hardwork and dedication.

It will be 5th UNESCO Heritage in MH. Ajanta, Ellora, Elephanta, Bombay colonial architecture and now Maratha forts.

Of the 14 forts in the list, I have been to about 6 of them. Hope to visit all of them one day.

Nikhil

https://www.ndtv.com/travel/maratha-military-landscapes-of-india-may-become-a-new-unesco-world-heritage-site-8849299

Photo of Suvarnadurga fort from coastal area.

Shivaji's navy was very important. Mark my words. In coming days, this aspect of Maratha Navy is going to be more and more important in History.

Me at Raigad's Takmak tok in 2007... another UNESCO site. It was the final and most important capital of Shivaji.