History Optional (UPSC)
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I am Nikhil Sheth, History faculty at Level Up IAS. This channel is started to cater to the needs of History Optional in UPSC CSE.
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The road to reach the largest Harappan city is still very difficult..
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Rural Haryana.... it could very will be a photo from 5000 years ago and it would look ghe same....
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Add this point in an answer to the question on the socio-economic impact of Ryotwari settlement. (or impact of introducing the Western notion of private property in land).

It impacted not only the settled peasants but also itinerant pastoralists.
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Sources for History Optional. Four distinct videos for one section each - Ancient, Medieval, Modern, World.

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRY4mFD-4D6sYznfYEHs3muaCOK64jbXH&si=p7gSLBDiD3eQgoXq
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1820s - Ajanta was discovered. A beautiful chapter was added.

1920s - Harappan civilization was discovered. Another chapter was added.

2020s - Keeladi. Sangam era urbanization chapter is added.
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UPPSC Mains GS 1 (2025)
History and Culture questions


Introduce the literary sources for the study of Ancient Indian History. (8)

Give an account of the challenges faced by India immediately after Independence. (8)

β€œNepolian was the son of the Revolution.” – Explain. (8)

Describe the main characteristics of Indian culture. (8)

The French Revolution was a great result of enlightenment period.” – Comment. (12)

Outline the development of revolutionary movement in Bengal. (12)

What are the main features of Sangam Period Culture ? (12)

Indian society is known for its uniqueness and cultural diversity. Discuss. (12)
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This is the pottery of Harappan era. Some of it are terracotta cakes.

We collected it with the help of an archaeologist from Rakhigarhi. There are various types here and some of it comes with perforation or painted black designs.

We could only collect such potsherds and the good complete pieces are all in museum. Nonetheless, to own a piece of history is a great feeling for sure.

In the coming classes, I am thinking that students who perform best in the tests should get Harappan pottery as reward. As a memorabilia.

What do you say?
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Let's prepare the topic of Bajirao Peshwa for the exam.
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The Early Medieval History is always a source of confusion... A lot of politics happens. Many kings fight. Many dynasties emerge.

This one single video will solve that problem forever. A neat a clear timeline to put things in proper place.

Must watch.

https://youtu.be/nU1SQISeRN8
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It has been one year now since this wildest project started. There was no such thing. It had to be created from zero. This is a short recap of the efforts so far. And it is just a beginning. Many more projects are in the offing...

If you have found it useful, do write a comment on Youtube as a token of appreciation. We would like to listen to you. Both Vishal sir and Nikhil sir will be personally reading all the comments on this specific video.

(and yes, if you have not subscribed yet, do it quickly. In next one month, at least 4 interesting videos are coming)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zONjZueoiOs
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If there is any difficult concept, we make it easy for you... This is the modified summary table for this year's GS Foundation batch. Very handy for quick revision.
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K Amarnath Ramakrishnan prepared the famous report of the first two seasons excavation in Keeladi. He was asked to revise it by the ASI and he declined.

Now PS Sriraman will prepare a different report of the third season, which he had excavated at Keeladi.

We will have two different reports by two different people now. Both having done excavations at Keeladi.

There is a potential that this is going to get murkier and more debatable. Fingers crossed.

It's exciting for sure. It only establishes that the field of Archaeology is sexy and political, not boring.

- Nikhil
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