❇️ Using "Like"

You probably know that the verb like can be followed by either the -ing form or by an infinitive.
فعل like می تواند همراه با شکل ing فعل و هم چنان to+ verb بیاید.
· I like going to the cinema
· I like to see all the latest movies.

👉 We use would like to to make polite offers and requests.
ما would like to را زمانی استفاده می کنیم که بخواهیم به صورت مودبانه چیزی را پیشنهاد داده و یا درخواست کنیم.
· Would you like to have lunch one day next week?
· I'd like to have your opinion.

👉 Used as a preposition, like often means 'similar' or 'typical'..
به عنوان یک حرف اضافه به معنی مشابه استفاده می شود.
· Like me, you probably are a bit shocked by his behaviour.
· What is Harry like? Is he conceited?
· You look like you need to sit down.
· I want to do something exciting - like bungee jumping.
· It is just like him to be late.

👉 In informal American English, like is used to mean 'as if'.
در انگلیسی غیر رسمی و گفتاری like به معنی مثل اینکه استفاده می شود.
· I feel like I am a princess.
· It was like I was back in the sixties.

👉 Don't confuse that with feel like meaning 'a desire to do someting'.
اما feel like اشتیاق برای انجام کاری استفاده می شود.
· I feel like going out for a meal.
· I don't feel like driving any more today.

👉 Unusually for a preposition, like can have the adverbs quite or rather in front of it.
زمانیکه like به عنوان یک حرف اضافه استفاده شود می تواند با قید هایی مانند quite و rather نیز استفاده شود.
· It is quite like old times.
· It is rather like it was before we had computers.

@Nanonet1

عبارت هایی که با like می توانیم بسازیم.

🛑 Come when you like.
هر وقت بخواهی می توانی بیایی
· You are always welcome. Come when you like.

🛑 Do as you like.
هر طور می خواهی انجام بده. تصمیم با تو است
· It is entirely your choice. Do as you like.

🛑 Like this is used when you are demonstrating something.
برای بیان شیوه ی انجام یک کار می توانید استفاده نمایید
· You put the paper in here like this.

🛑 Eat like a horse means to eat in large quantities.
این عبارت برای بیان زیاد غذا خوردن استفاده می شود
· Kate eats like a horse but she never seems to put on any weight.

🛑 Feel like a million means that you feel really good.
این عبارت برای بیان اینکه به خاطر چیزی حال شما خیلی خوب است استفاده می شود
· I have found a great friend. I feel like a million.

🛑 Go like clockwork means that it happens without problems.
برای بیان اینکه کاری به خوبی انجام می شود استفاده می شود
· The launch of the new product went like clockwork.

🛑 Like a bat out of hell means very fast.
برای بیان اینکه چیزی یا کاری خیلی به سرعت انجام می شود استفاده می شود
· He drove like a bat out of hell. I was scared.

🛑 Like a fish out of water means that the person does not fit in at all.
برای بیان اینکه کسی اصلا به در کاری نمی خورد استفاده می شود
· He knows a lot about accounting but he is like a fish out of water in marketing.

🛑 If something sells like hot cakes, it sells really well.
برای بیان اینکه چیزی خیلی خوب به فروش می رود استفاده می شود
· The new iphone is selling like hot cakes.

🛑 If you go out like a light, you fall asleep immediately.
برای بیان اینکه کسی خیلی زود به خواب می رود استفاده می شود
· He was so tired that he went out like a light when he lay on the sofa.

🛑 If you sleep well, you sleep like a log.
به مفهوم خوب خوابیدن استفاده می شود
· I slept really well. I slept like a log.

🛑 If you watch like a hawk, you watch really closely.
به مفهوم با دقت مواظب و یا مراقب کسی بودن استفاده می شود
· I didn't trust him so I watched him like a hawk for the whole time he was here. He didn't do anything wrong.

🛑 If news spreads like wildfire, everybody hears it very quickly.
به معنی پخش شدن سریع خبر استفاده می شود
· Reports of their argument spread like wildfire through the company.

@Nanonet1

❇️ Podcast 21

♦️ Question Word Followed by TO + Verb

He forgot how to start the engine.
I didn’t know where to go.
We couldn’t decide whether to sell the car.
He explained what to do.
She asked who to see about the problem.
I told her when to come.
Question words that are used in the pattern:
who what where when how whether

Most common verbs used in the pattern:
know understand remember forget
wonder decide ask explain show tell
I explained to him what he should do.
I explained to him what he was supposed to do.
I explained to him what to do.
They could not decide when they should end the party.
They could not decide when to end the party.
How do I know when I am supposed to take the chicken out of the oven?
How do I know when to take the chicken out of the oven?
Show me how I am supposed do this problem.
Show me how to do this problem.
I wonder where I should put this table.
I wonder where to put this table.
Tell me what I should do next.
Tell me what to do next.
She asked how high she should raise the window shade.
She asked how high to raise the window shade.
Do you understand where you are supposed to go for your next class?
Do you understand where to go for your next class?
He couldn’t remember who he was supposed call.
He couldn’t remember who to call.
He couldn’t remember whom he was supposed to call.
He couldn’t remember whom to call.
I think I know what I should tell my girlfriend.
I think I know what to tell my girlfriend.
Please show me how I should set the alarm on this clock.
Please show me how to set the alarm on this clock.
The recipe told me how much milk I should use.
The recipe told me how much milk to use.
Why should we wait any longer?
Why wait any longer?
What is the sense in buying so many bananas?
Why buy so many bananas?
Why should we walk if we can take the bus?
Why walk if we can take the bus?
Let’s talk to him tomorrow instead of today.
Why not talk to him tomorrow instead of today?
Let’s get an order of fried clams and share it.
Why not get an order of fried clams and share it?
We should tell him what we really think.
Why not tell him what we really think?

@Nanonet1

TOEFL Vocabulary (difficult)

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❇️ Had better

We use “had better” plus the infinitive without “to”  to give advice. Keep in mind that “had better” is used to give a more serious advice than “should”

✅ You'd better tell her everything.
✅ I'd better get back to work.
✅ We'd better meet early.

👉 The negative form is “had better not”.

✅ You'd better not say anything.
✅ I'd better not come.
✅ We'd better not miss the start of his presentation.

👉 We use “had better” to give advice about specific situations, not general ones. If you want to talk about general situations, you must use “should”.

✅ You should brush your teeth before you go to bed.
✅ I shouldn't listen to negative people.
✅ He should dress more appropriately for the office.

👉 However, when we use “had better” there is a suggestion that if the advice is not followed, that something bad will happen.

✅ You'd better do what I say or else you will get into trouble.
✅ I'd better get back to work or my boss will be angry with me.
✅ We'd better get to the airport by five or else we may miss the flight.

@Nanonet1
 

❇️ Suppose (part 2)

👉 'Supposed to be' can be used to mean 'it is said/believed'.
ساختار supposed+ to be می تواند به معنی "اینطور گفته می شود، یا باور بر این است".
✅ The new James Bond movie is supposed to be excellent.
✅ He is supposed to have been rude to Mark but I don't believe it.
✅ It is supposed to be the best restaurant in town.

👉 'Supposed to be' can also be used to talk about what is arranged, intended or expected.
این ساختار را می توانید به معنی انتظار می رود نیز استفاده کنید.
✅ I'm supposed to get to work by 8.
✅ John is supposed to turn off all the lights when he leaves.
✅ I'm supposed to pay my rent on the first of the month.
✅ It's not supposed to be here.

❇️ With simple past, it suggests that an action was arranged or expected to take place in the past, but it didn't.
همراه با فعل گذشته to be این ساختار به معنی این است که انتظار می رفت کاری در گذشته انجام شود ولی انجام نشده است.
✅ I was supposed to be there before 8 but couldn't make it.
✅ You were supposed to phone me.
✅ I was supposed to return the his car last night.

👉 'Not supposed to' often suggests that something is not allowed or prohibited.
ساختار Not supposed to به این معنی است کاری اجازه ی انجام کاری داده نشده است.
✅ You're not supposed to smoke in here.
✅ I'm not supposed to tell you.
✅ We're not supposed to use the Internet for personal reasons at work.

👉 'Suppose' can also be used as a conjunction to mean 'what if'. Notice that the verb which follows it is sometimes, but not always, put 'more in the past'.
همچنان suppose را می توانید به معنی what if نیز استفاده نمائید. در این حالت اغلبا" فعل را به حالت گذشته استفاده می کنیم.
✅ Suppose we take the earlier train to Munich? It would give us more time there.
✅ Suppose we took the plane instead? That would give us even more time.
✅ There's nobody in reception to let our visitors in. Suppose I sit there until somebody comes?
✅ I'm going to ask him for a pay increase. ~ Suppose he said 'no'? What would you do?

@Nanonet1

❇️ Podcast 136

♦️ NEXT and LAST in Time Expressions

Welcome to Podcast 136 of ESL Aloud. In the previous lesson you learned how to express indefinite duration in expressions like for a few hours and for several months. You learned not to use the word some in this type of expression. In this lesson you will learn how to avoid another common type of error made by English learners when they are expressing duration.
Listen to these incorrect sentences:
In the next days we will accomplish a great deal.
During the last months we have had no rain.
When you are expressing duration it is incorrect to form an expression of time made up of the word next or last followed directly by units of time. So it is wrong to say in the next days and it is wrong to say during the last months. You have to add an indefinite adjective like few or several or an exact number. So instead of the incorrect in the next days you could say in the next few days or in the next couple of days. Instead of the incorrect during the last months you could say during the last several months or during the last five months.
Now listen to these three sentences which have exactly the same meaning.
During the last few weeks we have had many storms.
In the last few weeks we have had many storms.
Over the last few weeks we have had many storms.
For the last few weeks we have had many storms.
In these sentences it doesn’t matter whether you use during, in, over or for. The same can be true for expressions of duration containing next instead of last. Just listen.
We’ll be working had during the next couple of months.
We’ll be working hard in the next couple of months.
We’ll be working hard over the next couple of months.
We’ll be working hard for the next couple of months.
Here are two more things to remember about expressing duration with next and last:
👉 1. Using for and over is much more common than using during and in.
👉 2. Although the words with during, in, over and for are very often interchangeable, you cannot always substitute one for the other.
During the last few weeks we have had many storms.
In the last few weeks we have had many storms.
Over the last few weeks we have had many storms.
For the last few weeks we have had many storms.
We’ll be working hard during the next couple of months.
We’ll be working hard in the next couple of months.
We’ll be working hard over the next couple of months.
We’ll be working hard for the next couple of months.
For the next few hours there will be no phone service.
Our business grew 50% over the last couple of years.
In the last few months water quality has improved.
My work will be evaluated over the next six weeks.
During the next several years they sold all their land.
Over the last couple of days she sent many text messages.
For the next few minutes I need total silence.
She totally changed her life in the last couple of years.
For the last several weeks I have followed her on Facebook.
Over the next few years we expect our sales to triple.
During the last several days the situation has worsened.
I want to just read for the next couple of hours.
In the last three years he has rebuilt his life.

@Nanonet1

❇️ Idiom

♦️ shrinking violet
آدم خیلی خجالتی
👉 A negative term for a very shy person.

✅ After years of being seen as nothing more than a shrinking violet, she decided to overcome her fears and start talking to strangers.

@Nanonet1