🔳Chemical Characteristics of drinking water

🔻 Chloride content(≤ 250mg/l)

💡 It causes kidney and cardiac problem

💡 Chlorides in water estimated by Mohr's method.

🔻 Sulphates (<250mg/l)

💡 It causes diarrhea.

🔻 Dissolved oxygen ( 3-4 ppm)

💡 High DO causes Corrosion.

💡 DO in water estimated by Winkler's Method

💡 DO inversely proportional to temperature.

🔻 BOD :- Nil

🔻 Fluoride (1ppm - 1.5 ppm)

💡 Fluoride in water estimated by Colourometry using Zirconium.

💡 Fluoride < 1ppm cause formation of cavities in teeth.

💡 Fluoride > 1.5ppm causes Fluorosis (molting of teeth) and deformation of bones.

🔻 Nitrogen Content

💡 drinking water standard

Ammonia Nitrogen - < 0.15 mg/l

Organic Nitrogen - < 0.3 mg/l

Nitrites - Nil

Nitrates - <45 mg/l

💡 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) :- Free ammonia + Organic Nitrogen.

💡 Excess causes the disease called Methemoglobinemia (Blue baby disease).

🔻 Iron & Manganese (Fe < o.3 mg/l & Mn <0.05 mg/l)

💡 Iron causes reddish colour to water

💡 Manganese causes brown colour

💡 It is estimated by Colormetry

🔻 Copper (1 - 2 mg/l)

💡 It affects human lungs and other respiratory organs.

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